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Laser and Photonic crystals
Course No. 25-135 for graduate and PhD. students
Sylabuses :
Section (a) : Foundations of Laser and Optic
In the First Part : Basic Concepts of Laser,
Propagation and Laser Radiation, Applications in objects,
in the form of Guided Wave and Bulk Mode, will be Evaluated.
Different Types of Lasers including Solid State ,
Gas and Semiconductor will be Evaluated.
In this Part We will learn to Analyze the Laser Radiation
in the form of Natural Light or Guided Wave and we would more
concentrate on semiconductor lasers as all-purpose case of lasers.
- Such cases will be discussed:
- Basic Concepts of Lasers
- Semiconductor Laser Diodes
- Attraction and Dispatch
- Lasing Profile of Fabry-Perot Lasers
- Single-Mode Laser Structure
- Scalar Wave Equation and Refraction in Laser Radiation
- TEM Wave Analysis in Laser Structure
Section (b) : Photonic Crystals and their Properties
In the Second Part Photonic Crystals as Pyramid
Structure Which Usually use Bang Gap Properties will be Studied.
Photonic Crystal Analysis based on Bloch-Floquet will be studied.
- Such cases will be discussed:
- Introduction of Photonic Crystals
- Special Modes of Photonic Crystals
- Symmetry of Special Modes
- Transfer Spectrum
- Defect Modes in Photonic Crystals
- Approximate Methods for Photonic Structure Analysis
- Accurate and Vector Methods Periodic and Photonic Structure Analysis
References :
- The principal of semiconductor Laser diode & Amplifiers, by TH. Ghafouri,Imperial
college press, 2004
- Optical electronics, by A. Yariv, 1985
- Laser diodes modulation & Noise, by K. Petermann, 1991
- Principles of laser & optics, W. Chang, Cambridge university press, 2005
- Electromagnetic Theory and Application for Photonic crystals, FK. Yeyumoto, 2006
- Elements of Photonics, Wiley, 2002.Electromagnetic Theory, by . Ilzuka, J. A. Stratton, McGraw-Hill, 1941
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Advanced Electromagnetics Theory
Course No. 25-151 for graduate and PhD students
Sylabuses :
An overview of fundamental subjects including Maxwell equations in time and
frequency domain, basic relations and introduction of different environments,
boundary conditions, scalar, vector and Hertz potentials, sources and etc.
- Important theorems, including Poynting, uniqueness,
image, equivalent currents, induction and equivalence.
- The methods of solving using potential functions and TE & TM polarization.
- Plane wave: scalar wave equation solution in Cartesian coordinate system,
conducting rectangular waveguides and resonators (cavity), dielectric
waveguide and surface-guided waves, waveguide discontinuities, mode matching
method and Fourier method.
- Cylindrical wave: scalar wave equation solution in cylindrical coordinate system,
conducting radial and cylindrical waveguides and resonators (cavity),
cylindrical and radius waveguides, scattering by conducting and dielectric cylinders
radiation of sources in the vicinity of cylindrical structures.
- Spherical wave: scalar wave equation solution in spherical coordinate system,
conducting spherical and conical resonators (cavity) and waveguides, scattering by
sphere, radiation of sources in the vicinity of spherical and conical structures.
References :
- Time-Harmonic Electromagnetic Fields by R. F. Harrington, IEEE reprint, 2001
- Theory and Computation of Electromagnetic Fields, by J. M. Jin, IEEE Press, 2010
- Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics, by C. A. Balanis,Wiley, 1989
- Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Radiation and Scattering, by A. Ishimaru, Prentice-Hall, 1991
- Field Theory of Guided Waves, R. E. Collin, IEEE Press, 1991
- Electromagnetic Theory, J. A. Stratton, McGraw-Hill, 1941
- Electromagnetic Wave Theory, J. A. Kong, EMW Publishing, 2000
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Antenna Theory I
Course No. 25-144 for undergraduate and graduate students
Sylabuses :
- Introduction (0.5 session)
- Fundamental Parameters of Antennas (2.5 sessions)
- RadiationPattern
- RadiationPower Density
- Radiation Intensit
- Beamwidth
- Directivity
- Antenna Efficiency
- Gain
- Beam Efficiency
- Bandwidth
- Polarization
- Input Impedance
- Antenna Radiation Efficiency
- Antenna Vector Effective Length and Equivalent Areas
- Maximum Directivity and Maximum Effective Area
- Friis Transmission Equation and Radar Range Equation
- Radiation Integrals and Auxiliary Potential Functions (2 sessions)
- The Vector Potential A for an Electric Current Source J
- Electric and Magnetic Fields for Electric (J) and Magnetic (M) current Sources
- Solution of the Inhomogeneous Vector Potential Wave Equation
- Far-Field Radiation
- Duality Theorem
- Reciprocity and Reaction Theorems
- Linear Wire Antennas (2 Sessions)
- Infinitesimal Dipole
- Small Dipole
- Finite Length Dipole
- Half-Wavelength Dipole
- Linear Elements Near or on Infinite Perfect Conductors
- Loop Antennas (2 Sessions)
- Circular Loop
- Circular Loop of Constant Current
- Loop with Non-uniform Current
- Polygonal Loop Antennas
- Ferrite Loop
- Arrays: Linear, Planar, and Circular (3 sessions)
- Two-Element Array
- N-Element Linear Array: Uniform Amplitude and Spacing
- N-Element Linear Array: Directivity
- Design Procedure
- N-Element Linear Array: Three-Dimensional Characteristics
- Rectangular-to-Polar Graphical Solution
- N-Element Linear Array: Uniform Spacing, Non-uniform Amplitude
- Super directivity
- Array
- Design Considerations
- Circular Array
- Integral Equations, Moment Method, and Self and Mutual Impedances ( 3 sessions)
- Integral Equation Method
- Finite Diameter Wires
- Moment Method Solution
- Self-Impedance
- Mutual Impedance Between Linear Elements
- Mutual Coupling in Arrays
- Broadband Dipoles (2 sessions)
- Introduction
- Biconical Antenna
- Triangular Sheet, Bow-Tie, and Wire Simulation
- Cylindrical Dipole
- Folded Dipole
- Traveling Wave and Broadband Antennas ( 2 sessions)
- Traveling Wave Antennas
- Broadband Antennas
- Frequency Independent Antennas ( 2 sessions)
- Theory
- Equiangular Spiral Antennas
- Log-Periodic Antennas
- Aperture Antennas ( 3 sessions)
- Field Equivalence Principle: Huygens’ Principle
- Radiation Equations
- Directivity
- Apertures
- Circular Apertures
- Design Considerations
- Babinet’s Principle
- Fourier Transforms in Aperture Antenna Theory
- Ground Plane Edge Effects: The Geometrical Theory of Diffraction
- Horn Antennas (2 sessions)
- E-Plane Sectoral Horn
- H-Plane Sectoral Horn
- Pyramidal Horn
- Conical Horn
- Reflector Antennas (2 sessions)
- Plane Reflector
- Reflector
- Parabolic Reflector
- Spherical Reflector
References :
- Aَntenna Theory, Analysis and Design by Constantine A. Balanis, John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
- Antenna Theory and Design, by W. L. Stutzman, G. A. Thiele, John Wiley & Sons, 2012
- Antenna Theory and Design, by R. S. Elliott, IEEE Press, 2003
- Antennas and Radiowave Propagation, by R. E. Collin, McGraw-Hill, 1985
- Modern Antenna Design, by T. A. Milligan, John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
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Fields and Waves
Course No. 24-762 for undergraduate students
Sylabuses :
- Time-Varying Fields and Maxwell's Equations
- Introduction
- Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction
- Maxwell's Equations. Potential Functions
- Electromagnetic Boundary Conditions
- Wave Equations and their Solutions
- Time-Harmonic Fields
- Plane Electromagnetic Waves
- Introduction
- Plane Waves in Lossless Media
- Plane Waves in Lossy Media
- Group Velocity. Flow of Electromagentic Power and the Poynting Vector
- Normal Incidence of Plane Waves at a Plane Conducting Boundary
- Oblique Incidence of Plane Waves at a Plane Conducting Boundary
- Normal Incidence of Plane Waves at a Plane Dielectric Boundary
- Normal Incidence of Plane Waves at Multiple Dielectric Interfaces
- Oblique Incidence of Plane Waves at a Plane Dielectric Boundary
- Theory and Application of Transmission Lines
- Introduction
- Transverse Electromagnetic Wave Along a Parallel-Plate
- Transmission Line General Transmission-Line Equations
- Wave Characteristics on Finite Transmission Lines
- Transients on Transmission Lines
- The Smith Chart, Transmission-Line Impedance Matching
- Waveguides and Cavity Resonators
- Introduction
- General Wave Behaviors Along Uniform Guiding Structures
- Parallel-Plate Waveguide. Rectangular Waveguides
- Circular Waveguides. Dielectric Waveguides
- Cavity Resonators
- Antennas and Radiating Systems
- Introduction
- Radiation Fields of Elemental Dipoles
- Antenna Patterns and Antenna Parameters
- Thin Linear Antennas
- Antenna Arrays
- Receiving Antennas
- Transmit-Receive Systems
- Some Other Antenna Types
References :
- Field and Wave Electromagnetics by David Chen
- Field and Waves in Communication Electronics by Ramo, Whinnery, Van Duzer
- Electromagnetics by J.D. Kraus, D.A. Fleisch
- Scalar and vector fields
- Coordinate systems
- Integrals containing vector fields
- Gradient of a scalar
- Divergence of a vector
- Divergence theorem
- Curl of a vector
- Stokes’ theorem
- Zero identities
- Helmholtz theorem
- Sources of electromagnetic fields
- Charge density (volume, surface, line)
- Current density (volume, surface)
- Equation of continuity in integral form
- Equation of continuity in differential form
- Steady currents and charges (introduction to electrostatics and magnetostatics)
- Definition of electromagnetic forces
- Electrostatics (free space)
- Field equations in integral form
- Symmetry in Electrostatics (Examples of Gauss's law)
- Derivation of Coulomb law
- Equations in differential form
- Electric potential
- Physical meaning, ambiguity of reference, boundary conditions at infinity for sources of finite volume
- Poisson equation
- Superposition of solutions
- Green’s function (Coulomb potential)
- Potential of an arbitrary distribution of charges
- Electric field of an arbitrary distribution of charges
- Magnetostatics in free space
- Equations in integral form
- Symmetry in Magnetostatics (examples of Amperes Law)
- Equations in differential form
- Vector potential
- Ambiguity of definition (gauge)
- Poisson equation
- Vector potential of an arbitrary distribution of current
- Magnetic field of an arbitrary distribution of current
- Biot-Savart law for current filaments
- Time-varying fields (free space)
- Maxwell equations in integral form
- Faraday’s law
- Ampere’s law
- Maxwell equations in differential form
- Solution in source-free regions: Plane waves (1D space-time)
- Electromagnetic energy and Poynting vector (using mechanical power transferred to charged particles)
- Electrostatic and Magnetostatic
- Phasors and time-harmonic fields
- Transmission Lines (time domain)
- Telegraphers equation
- Analogy with Plane Wave
- Reflections from short/open/resistive in time domain
- Macroscopic equations in matter
- A remark about discrete nature of charges, averaging, and the emergence of continuous charge and current densities in macroscopic media
- Conductors
- Ohm’s law and conductivity
- Charge and current distribution in conductors
- Perfect electric conductor
- Dielectrics
- Electric dipole
- Averaging and the concept of P(static derivation)
- Equivalent charges
- From E to D
- Boundary conditions
- Linear media and dielectric constant
- Magnetic media
- Magnetic dipole
- Averaging and the concept of M (static derivation)
- Equivalent currents
- From B to H
- Boundary conditions
- Linear media and permeability
- Macroscopic Maxwell equations in linear media in time domain
References :
- Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics, 3rd Edition
by Simon Ramo, by John R. Whinnery, Theodore Van Duzer
- Electromagnetics With Application 5th Edition by Kraus
- Classical Electrodynamics 3rd Edition by John David Jackson
- Field and Wave Electromagnetics, 2nd Edition by David K. Cheng
- Introduction to Electrodynamics 4th Edition by David J. Griffiths
- Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics,7th Edition, by Fawwaz T. Ulaby & Umberto Ravaioli
- Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics 6th Edition by Nannapaneni Narayana Rao
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Special Subject on Communication (Seminar for MSc. Students)
Course No. 25-190 for MSc. students